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Total knee replacement, or total knee arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure that we perform when the knee joint has been severely damaged, usually by arthritis, injury, or wear and tear over time. The knee is a complex hinge joint that connects your thigh bone (femur) to your shin bone (tibia), and it’s lined with cartilage that allows smooth movement. When that cartilage breaks down, it can cause pain, swelling, and stiffness, making it difficult to do everyday activities like walking, climbing stairs, or getting up from a chair.
In a total knee replacement, we remove the damaged surfaces of the femur, tibia, and sometimes the kneecap (patella), and replace them with artificial components made of metal and plastic. These artificial parts are designed to mimic the natural motion of the knee and reduce pain, while improving function and mobility.
The procedure usually takes about 1 to 2 hours and is performed under general anesthesia or a regional block, which numbs the lower half of your body. During the surgery, we’ll remove the damaged cartilage and bone and then position the new knee components, which are carefully fitted and cemented into place. The femoral component replaces the damaged surface on the thigh bone, the tibial component replaces the surface of the shin bone, and a plastic insert between them allows for smooth movement.
After surgery, we want you to be up and moving after surgery with the help of a walker or crutches. You’ll work with physical therapy after surgery, which will focus on regaining strength, improving range of motion, and learning to walk with your new knee. Most patients experience a significant reduction in pain and improve their ability to perform everyday activities within a few months, although full recovery can take anywhere from 3 to 6 months. The new knee joint can last 15-20 years or longer, depending on factors like activity level and overall health. We’ll work closely with you during your recovery, and we’re committed to helping you get back to your life with less pain and greater mobility.
